[雅思培训]雅思写作议论文考题分类详解（上）

    雅思A类议论文写作按照不同话题分类，比较常见的有十大类考题，分别包括教育类，科技类，媒体类，社会类，全球化类等常见话题。而历年40多道考题场次虽然没有太大的波动，但是每年的重点考题分类却有比较明显的差异。本文中，朗阁雅思培训中心的老师将首先就雅思写作议论文中的文化与旅游话题文章进行详解。

1. 旅游类：
    旅游类尤其是国际旅游的考题一般都会涉及国与国之间的文化差异cultural difference以及文化同化的现象cultural assimilation; 另外有关是否会导致冲突与矛盾prejudice and tension也是需要提前准备的。不过入乡随俗when in Rome, do as Romans do的概念也是要有的，一般我们可以从旅游的初衷是为了感受异域文化exotic culture, 体验不同的风情习俗；以及这是对local residents的一种respect的角度进行支持论证。

? 建议复习之真题：
1. When visiting foreign countries, some people think it is advantageous to learn their cultures and traditions. How do you think people can learn other cultures and traditions? Why are some people interested in learning those traditions and cultures while others not? (12.06.30)
2. Nowadays it is more convenient and easier for people to travel to other countries. Is it a positive or negative development? (12.10.20)
3. In the past, people used to travel abroad to look many differences from their home country. Nowadays, the sceneries in places all over the world are more and more similar. What are the causes of the similarities? Do you think the advantages of this similarity outweigh the disadvantages? (12.11.17= 09.08.29)

2. 文化类：
    1）此类有关艺术或是艺术家的考题并不少见，而艺术的发展离不开资金的支持，所以有关政府是否该资助艺术或是该由谁来资助的考题屡见不鲜；另外，因为艺术的发展只能算是社会发展中的一个领域而已，所以又会常考资金平衡的问题，比如说：政府是应该将更多的资金投资在艺术上还是体育上？或是相比艺术而言，政府更应该把资金投入到医疗教育上？当然，类似Today, advanced science and technology have made great changes to people’s life, but artists such as musicians, painters and writers are still highly valued. What can arts tell us about life that science and technology cannot? (11.07.16 = 06.01.21)的有关将艺术与科学进行对比结合的考题虽然相对少见一点，但这其实也符合现在社会发展的趋势，因此朗阁雅思培训中心建议考生要仔细应对，做好充足的准备，不能过于专一针对。

那么，一般来说考生可以建议政府两手抓，或是多方一起给予艺术支持，因为这样的解答更容易写到字数，而且理由也可以想通：a. 作为社会发展必不可少的一个部分，艺术对社会的重要性不亚于任何一个领域，所以值得投资(deserve)，不论是来自政府还是公司甚至是私人。b. 相比其他领域而言，艺术在资金方面相对较缺乏一些，而且对资金要求也较学校些，所以艺术也急迫地需要(urgently need)这笔投资。c. 另一方面，政府资金预算毕竟有限(a tight budget)，所以要均衡balance各方投资，不能单独偏重一方；或是所以需要其他社会力量来补充政府在这方面的投资。

? 建议复习之真题：
1. Some people think that creative artists should be supported financially by the government of their county, while others believe that they should find financial support from other sources instead. Discuss both views and give your opinion. (11.02.17)
2. Many people think arts like painting and music cannot directly improve people''s quality of life, and therefore the government should spend money on other things. Do you agree or disagree? (12.07.28)

    2）新旧建筑与城市建设一直都是议论文考题中常见的，不论是在雅思还是托福中。如Some people think that too much money has been spent looking after and repairing old buildings, so we should knock down old buildings and build modern ones instead. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (11.04.28 ≈ 04.06.12) 所以搞定这一类题目就显得尤为重要了。当然具体的问法会有一定的差异和变化，不过换汤不换药，只要准备好各自的理由，一样可以以不变应万变。一般提及传统建筑，必然会提及它的文化功能以及特性，那么cultural identity这个单词就*了；另外传统建筑可以发展为旅游景点，从而发扬文化以及赚取经济收入(local revenue)等好处都是不可忽视的；相反的，因为与现代社会的一些不匹配，如占地面积，建筑工艺以及居住功能等各方面的问题，也时常可以用作批判的原因，可以提及good architecture is a product of thinking about the function, the location and the technology available.

    3）当然建筑物中根据特殊功能分类，博物馆以及图书馆或是艺术展览馆等功能建筑也是必须要准备好的。不论是问及原因还是功能亦或是资金，都可以从之前的两个分类进行举一反三。如：博物馆是对文物古迹cultural relics的收集与*护，极具考古研究价值；另外还具有教育功能，可以拉近与历史文明的距离，对学生而言是个不错的第二课堂。

? 建议复习之真题：
1. We live in cities or towns which have museums displaying artistic, historical or cultural importance, but people do not visit them. Why do you think people do not visit museums in their local areas? What is the importance of museums to society? (12.12.15)
2. Some people think that the government should establish free libraries in each town. Others believe that it is a waste of money since people can access the Internet at home to obtain information. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion. (12.01.12)
（未完待续）