[雅思机经]2018年6月30日雅思阅读真题回顾

考试日期

2018年6月30日

Reading Passage 1

Title

Why Good Ideas Fail

Question types

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 5题

Summary Completion 8题

文章内容回顾

针对一个公司的产品营销，两个老师发表了一些观点

题型难度分析

难度一般

题型技巧分析

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN技巧注意点：

l  在TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN的空格前，若有冠词(a, an, the)，则在答案对应的名词前也极有可能有一个冠词

l  在空格前或空格后若有介词，则在对应原文的答案前后也很可能有介词

l  抓TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN结构中的并列关系比如not only…but also…

l  所填单词词性准确的猜测

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑9 Test 4 Passage 1

Reading Passage 2

Title

洪水治理 （Can We Hold Back the Flood?）

Question types

Matching Information  6题

Multiple Choice（单选） 2题

Sentence Completion  5题

文章内容回顾

上个冬天发生在中欧大陆的洪涝灾害是自从中世纪以来较严重的。传统的排涝办法就是*排掉水，把水倒到海里去。使用弯曲道路和大坝解决洪涝的办法都失败了。在英国实施了一条新的方案去解决洪涝，不仅是针对河流，而是整个地区。在欧洲阿尔卑斯山实施的一个方案惠及了三个国家。在荷兰和德国的排涝科学家们做出许多努力。洪水使得河流长度变短，流速更快，这对于在冲积平原上的建筑是危险的。不仅欧洲的河流面临着这样的威胁，在美国的密西西比河也面临着同样的威胁。在英国一个新的方案被环境署执行，用湿地代替水泥墙被建在伦敦市边来*护洪涝。在1995年，莱茵河再次发生洪涝，成千上万人离开荷兰。许多工程师建议城市应该是渗水性好的，柏林就是一个很好的例子。另一个被暴雨毁灭的城市就是洛杉矶，尽管政府每年在解决这项问题上花费十多亿美金，在澳大利亚实施的办法是为了下游城镇储存水。

相关英文原文阅读

A LAST winter's floods on the rivers of central Europe were among the worst since the Middle Ages, and as winter storms return, the spectre of floods is returning too. Just weeks ago, the river Rhône in south-east France burst its banks, driving 15,000 people from their homes, and worse could be on the way. Traditionally, river engineers have gone for Plan A: get rid of the water fast, draining it off the land and down to the sea in tall-sided rivers re-engineered as high-performance drains. But however big they dig city drains, however wide and straight they make the rivers, and however high they build the banks, the floods keep coming back to taunt them, from the Mississippi to the Danube. And when the floods come, they seem to be worse than ever. No wonder engineers are turning to Plan B: sap the water's destructive strength by dispersing it into fields, forgotten lakes, flood plains and aquifers.

B Back in the days when rivers took a more tortuous path to the sea, flood waters lost impetus and volume while meandering across flood plains and idling through wetlands and inland deltas. But today the water tends to have an unimpeded journey to the sea. And this means that when it rains in the uplands, the water comes down all at once. Worse, whenever we close off more flood plain, the river's flow farther downstream becomes more violent and uncontrollable. Dykes are only as good as their weakest link - and the water will unerringly find it. By trying to turn the complex hydrology of rivers into the simple mechanics of a water pipe, engineers have often created danger where they promised safety, and intensified the floods they meant to end. Take the Rhine, Europe most engineered river. For two centuries, German engineers have erased its backwaters and cut it off from its flood plain.

C Today, the river has lost 7 per cent of its original length and runs up to a third faster. When it rains hard in the Alps, the peak flows from several tributaries coincide in the main river, where once they arrived separately. And with four-fifths of the lower Rhine's flood plain barricaded off, the waters rise ever higher. The result is more frequent flooding that does ever-greater damage to the homes, offices and roads that sit on the flood plain. Much the same has happened in the US on the mighty Mississippi, which drains the world's second largest river catchment into the Gulf of Mexico.

D The European Union is trying to improve rain forecasts and more accurately model how intense rains swell rivers. That may help cities prepare, but it won't stop the floods. To do that, say hydrologists, you need a new approach to engineering not just rivers, but the whole landscape. The UK's Environment Agency - which has been granted an extra £150 million a year to spend in the wake of floods in 2000 that cost the country £1 billion - puts it like this: "The focus is now on working with the forces of nature. Towering concrete walls are out, and new wetlands are in."To help keep London's feet dry, the agency is breaking the Thames's banks upstream and reflooding 10 square kilometres of ancient flood plain at Otmoor outside Oxford. Nearer to London it has spent £100 million creating new wetlands and a relief channel across 16 kilometres of flood plain to protect the town of Maidenhead, as well as the ancient playing fields of Eton College. And near the south coast the agency is digging out channels to reconnect old meanders on the river Cuckmere in East Sussex that were cut off by flood banks 150 years ago.

E The same is taking place on a much grander scale in Austria, in one of Europe's largest river restorations to date. Engineers are regenerating flood plains along 60 kilometres of the river Drava as it exits the Alps. They are also widening the river bed and channelling it back into abandoned meanders, oxbow lakes and backwaters overhung with willows. The engineers calculate that the restored flood plain can now store up to 10 million cubic metres of flood waters and slow storm surges coming out of the Alps by more than an hour, protecting towns as far downstream as Slovenia and Croatia.

F "Rivers have to be allowed to take more space. They have to be turned from flood-chutes into flood-foilers," says Nienhuis. And the Dutch, for whom preventing floods is a matter of survival, have gone furthest. A nation built largely on drained marshes and seabed had the fright of its life in 1993 when the Rhine almost overwhelmed it. The same happened again in 1995, when a quarter of a million people were evacuated from the Netherlands. But a new breed of "soft engineers" wants our cities to become porous, and Berlin is their shining example. Since reunification, the city's massive redevelopment has been governed by tough new rules to prevent its drains becoming overloaded after heavy rains. Harald Kraft, an architect working in the city, says: "We now see rainwater as a resource to be kept rather than got rid of at great cost."A good illustration is the giant Potsdamer Platz, a huge new commercial redevelopment by Daimler Chrysler in the heart of the city.

G Los Angeles has spent billions of dollars digging huge drains and concreting river beds to carry away the water from occasional intense storms. The latest plan is to spend a cool $280 million raising the concrete walls on the Los Angeles river by another 2 metres. Yet many communities still flood regularly.Meanwhile this desert city is shipping in water from hundreds of kilometres away in northern California and from the Colorado river in Arizona to fill its taps and swimming pools, and irrigate its green spaces. It all sounds like bad planning. "In LA we receive half the water we need in rainfall, and we throw it away. Then we spend hundreds of millions to import water," says Andy Lipkis, an LA environmentalist.

H Lipkis, along with citizen groups like Friends of the Los Angeles River and Unpaved LA, want to beat the urban flood hazard and fill the taps by holding onto the city's flood water. And it's not just a pipe dream. The authorities this year launched a $100 million scheme to road-test the porous city in one flood-hit community in Sun Valley. The plan is to catch the rain that falls on thousands of driveways, parking lots and rooftops in the valley. Trees will soak up water from parking lots. Homes and public buildings will capture roof water to irrigate gardens and parks. And road drains will empty into old gravel pits and other leaky places that should recharge the city's underground water reserves. Result: less flooding and more water for the city. Plan B says every city should be porous, every river should have room to flood naturally and every coastline should be left to build its own defences. It sounds expensive and utopian, until you realise how much we spend trying to drain cities and protect our watery margins - and how bad we are at it.

文章答案分析

14-19 Matching Information

14 F

15 E

16 B

17 D

18 C

19 G

20-21 Multiple Choice（单选）

20 A It aims to slow the water movement to the sea

21 D It involves more loss of land and area

22-26 Sentence Completion

22 Some severe floods still damage areas in parts of downstream

23 The Rhine and the Mississippi river had the similar problem of water control

24 An area near Oxford was flooded to protect the city of London

25 soft engineers

26 In Los Angeles, a small scale water project could become a larger one

题型难度分析

本篇文章题目难度较上一篇有所增加

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑7 Test 1 Passage 1

Reading Passage 3

Title

Mega-Fauna（巨型动物）与人类的生存问题

Question types

Yes/No/Not GIVEN  4题

Summary Completion  5题

Multiple Choice（单选）  5题

文章内容回顾

对澳大利亚大型动物的研究，几千年前人是否和动物住在一起，考古学的结论缺乏证据

题型难度分析

选项很长，文章又难

题型技巧分析

Multiple Choice（单选）：由题干和4个选项构成，基本题干可以用来定位，如果题干无法准确定位，从选项反推即可。正确选项一般是对文章的改写，注意同义转换，错误的选项有的是干扰项，非常容易误选，也有的是文章未提及的内容，应排除

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑11 Test 2 Passage 3

考试趋势分析和备考指导：

本场雅思阅读考试1旧2新；Matching Information和Multiple Choice（单选）为此次考试的难点，建议考生在较近的考试中要格外重视这两种题型。且时间的安排也是非常需要注意的。